Reaction of metals in acids

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100tific

Active member
Joined
Sep 1, 2023
Messages
43
Location
Córdoba
Hi everyone, i was making some test and i want to show you my results and the reactions that I think take place.

It took me a lot of time and effort to reach these conclusions and yet there are many that I have doubts about.

I hope they can be of some use to you and I encourage you to correct me or complete those that I am missing.

I have photos if you want it.

Enjoy


Gold

cold


Au + HCl (dil) → X
Au + HCl (conc) → X
Au + HNO3 (dil) → X
Au + HNO3 (conc) → X
Au + HNO3 + 4HCl → HAuCl4 + 2H2O+ NO
Au + H2SO4 (dil) → X
Au + H2SO4 (conc) → X
Au + NaOH (1M) → X

hot

Au + HCl (dil) → X
Au + HCl (conc) → X
Au + HNO3 (dil) → X
Au + HNO3 (conc) → X
Au + HNO3 + 3HCl → HAuCl4 +
Au + H2SO4 (dil) → X
Au + H2SO4 (conc) → X
Au + NaOH (1M) → X

SILVER
cold

Ag + HCl (dil) → X
Ag + HCl (conc) → X
Ag + HNO3 (dil) → AgNO3 + H3O+
Ag + HNO3 (conc) → AgNO3 + H+
Ag + HNO3 + 3HCl →AgCl
Ag+ H2SO4 (dil) → Ag2SO4 + H3O+
Ag + H2SO4 (conc) → AgSO4 + H+
Ag + NaOH (1M) → x

hot

Ag + HCl (dil) → X
Ag + HCl (conc) → X
Ag + HNO3 (dil) → AgNO3 + H3O+
Ag + HNO3 (conc) → AgNO3 + H+
Ag + HNO3 + 3HCl →AgCl
Ag+ H2SO4 (dil) → AgSO4 + H3O+
Ag + H2SO4 (conc) → AgSO4 + H+
Ag + NaOH (1M) →x

Copper

cold

Cu + HCl (dil) → X
Cu + HCl (conc) → X
Cu (s) + 4HNO3 (ac) (dil) → Cu2+(ac) + 2 NO3- (ac) + 2 NO2 (g) + 2 H2O(l)
Cu (s) + 4HNO3 (ac)(conc) → Cu2+(ac) + 2 NO3- (ac) + 2 NO2 (g) + 2 H2O(l) REACCIÓN VIOLENTA
Cu + HNO3 + 3HCl → CuCl2
Cu + 2 H2SO4 (dil) → Prácticamente no reacciona
Cu + 2 H2SO4 (dil) + H2O2 → CuSO4(ac) + SO2(ac) +2 H2O(l)??
Cu + 2 H2SO4 (conc) → Apenas reacciona
Cu + 2 H2SO4 (conc) + H2O2 → CuSO4(ac) + SO2(ac) +2 H2O(l)??
Cu + NaOH (1M) → X

hot

Cu + HCl (dil) → X
Cu + HCl (conc) → X
Cu + HNO3 (dil) → CuNO3 + H3O+
Cu + HNO3 (conc) → CuNO3 + H+
Cu + HNO3 + 3HCl → CuCl2
Cu + 2 H2SO4 (dil) → CuSO4(ac) + SO2(ac) +2 H2O(l)??
Cu + 2 H2SO4 (dil) + H2O2→ CuSO4(ac) + SO2(ac) +2 H2O(l)??
Cu + 2 H2SO4 (conc) → CuSO4(ac) + SO2(ac) +2 H2O(l) (slow)
Cu + 2 H2SO4 (conc) + H2O2 → CuSO4(ac) + SO2(ac) +2 H2O(l)??
Cu + NaOH (1M) → X

Palladium

cold

Pd + HCl (dil) → X
Pd + HCl (conc) → X
Pd + HNO3 (dil) → Pd(NO3)2
Pd + HNO3 (conc) → Pd(NO3)2
Pd + HNO3 + 3HCl → H2[PdCl4]
Pd + H2SO4 (dil) → PdSO4?
Pd + H2SO4 (conc) → PdSO4 [1]
Pd + NaOH (1M) → X

hot

Pd + HCl (dil) → X
Pd + HCl (conc) → X
Pd + HNO3 (dil) → Pd(NO3)2
Pd + HNO3 (conc) → Pd(NO3)2
Pd + HNO3 + 3HCl → H2[PdCl4]
Pd + H2SO4 (dil) → PdSO4?
Pd + H2SO4 (conc) → PdSO4?
Pd + NaOH (1M) → X

Platinum
cold

Pt + HCl (dil) →X
Pt + HCl (conc) →X
Pt + HNO3 (dil) →X
Pt + HNO3 (conc) →X
Pt + HNO3 + 3HCl →H2PtCl6 (ácido cloroplatínico) (ac) + NO2 (g) + H2O (l)
Pt + H2SO4 (dil) →x
Pt + H2SO4 (conc) →x
Pt + NaOH (1M) →

hot

Pt + HCl (dil) →X
Pt + HCl (conc) →X
Pt + HNO3 (dil) →X
Pt + HNO3 (conc) →X
Pt + HNO3 + 3HCl →H2PtCl6 (ácido cloroplatínico) (ac) + NO2 (g) + H2O (l)
Pt + H2SO4 (dil) →x
Pt + H2SO4 (conc) →x
Pt + NaOH (1M) →

Nickel

cold

Ni + HCl (dil) →
Ni + HCl (conc) →NiCl2+ H2
Ni + HNO3 (dil) → Ni(NO3)2
Ni + HNO3 (conc) → Ni(NO3)2
Ni + HNO3 + 3HCl →
Ni + H2SO4 (dil) →
Ni + H2SO4 (conc) →
Ni + NaOH (1M) →X

hot

Ni + HCl (dil) →
Ni + HCl (conc) → NiCl2+ H2
Ni + HNO3 (dil) → Ni(NO3)2
Ni + HNO3 (conc) → Ni(NO3)2
Ni + HNO3 + 3HCl →
Ni + H2SO4 (dil) →
Ni + H2SO4 (conc) →
Ni + NaOH (1M) →X

iron
cold

Fe + HCl (dil) → FeCl2 + H2
Fe + HCl (conc) → FeCl2 + H2
Fe + HNO3 (dil) →Fe(NO3)2 + NH4NO3 + H2O
Fe + HNO3 (conc) →Fe(NO3)3 + 3NO2 (g) + 3H2O
Fe + HNO3 + 3HCl →
Fe + H2SO4 (dil) → FeSO4 + H2 (g)
Fe + H2SO4 (conc) → FeSO4 + H2 (g)
Fe + NaOH (1M) → Fe(OH)3 + 3NaCl

hot

Fe + HCl (dil) →FeCl2 + H2
Fe + HCl (conc) → FeCl2 + H2
Fe + HNO3 (dil) →Fe(NO3)2 + NH4NO3 + H2O (con el calor el Fe(NO3)2 no es estable y se oxida a Fe(NO3)3) ¿se oxida de Fe ii a Fe iii?
Fe + HNO3 (conc) →Fe(NO3)3 + 3NO2 (g) + 3H2O
Fe + HNO3 + 3HCl →
Fe + H2SO4 (dil) → FeSO4 + H2 (g)
Fe + H2SO4 (conc) → FeSO4 + H2 (g)
Fe + NaOH (1M) → Fe(OH)3 + 3NaCl

tin
cold

Sn + 2HCl (dil) → SnCl2 (s) + H2 (g)? / [SnCl6]2−?/ No reacciona
Sn + HCl (conc) → SnCl4 (l) + H2 (g)
Sn + HNO3 (dil) →Sn(NO3)2 + NH4NO3 + H2O
Sn + HNO3 (conc) → Sn(NO3)2 + NH4NO3 o NO (g) + H2SnO3 ??
Sn + HNO3 + 3HCl → SnCl4
Sn + H2SO4 (dil) → SnSO4 (s) + H2 (g)
Sn + H2SO4 (conc) → SnSO4 (s) o Sn(SO4)2 ??
Sn + NaOH (6M) → Na2[Sn(OH)6](s) (estannito de sodio) + H2 (g) [3,4]

hot

Sn + HCl (dil) → SnCl2 (s) + H2 (g)? / [SnCl6]2−?/ No reacciona
Sn + HCl (conc) → SnCl4 (l) + H2 (g)
Sn + HNO3 (dil) → Sn(NO3)2 + NH4NO3 o NO (g) + H2Sn O3??
Sn + HNO3 (conc) →NO (g) + H2SnO3 (ácido metastánnico)
Sn + HNO3 + 3HCl → SnCl4
Sn + H2SO4 (dil) → SnSO4 (s) o Sn(SO4)2 ??
Sn + H2SO4 (conc) → Sn(SO4)2 + 2SO2(g) + 4H2O
Sn + NaOH (6M) → Na2[Sn(OH)6](s) (estannato de sodio) + H2 (g) [3,4]

Lead

cold

Pb + HCl (dil) → PbCl2 + H2 (g)
Pb + HCl (conc) → PbCl2 + H2 (g)
Pb + HNO3 (dil) → Pb(NO3)2 + NO + H2O
Pb + HNO3 (conc) → Pb(NO3)2 + NO + H2O
Pb + HNO3 + 3HCl →
Pb + H2SO4 (dil) → PbSO4
Pb + H2SO4 (conc) → PbSO4
Pb + NaOH (1M) →

hot

Pb + HCl (dil) → PbCl2 + H2 (g)
Pb + HCl (conc) → PbCl2 + H2 (g)
Pb + HNO3 (dil) → Pb(NO3)2 + NO + H2O
Pb + HNO3 (conc) → Pb(NO3)2 + NO + H2O
Pb + HNO3 + 3HCl →
Pb + H2SO4 (dil) → PbSO4
Pb + H2SO4 (conc) → PbSO4
Pb + NaOH (1M) →
 

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