The materials deposited on silicon dice are very very thin. I don't know if the colors come from some kind of transparent thin-film optical effect (like, an oil slick on water, or those colorful bits on deli meats), a reflected diffraction effect from repeated patterns (like on the back of a CD/DVD), or even some compounds which just have a color.
Sometimes, the very last layer is a gold layer, but only just enough so that the relatively massive gold bonding wire can bond correctly.
They have no value to me, and yet I do get stuck just staring at them through the loup for no reason. I found an easter egg once, or it could just be that company likes to put their logo on their chips.