Some fumes are lighter than air and go up others are dense and flow down or to the bottom.
Baffle panels on the sides and or back, where the exhaust can pull toxic or acidic gases from both the top and bottom of the hood.
The air or exhaust out can also be changed by how much air can enter the hood (you can only suck so much air outa Coca-Cola bottle til it will suck your tongue back into the bottle, the too-wide opening may not work well a completely closed door the fan would not have the sucking power to remove gases...
Lab or room also if there is no fresh air to enter (even cold winter air) or too little air can get into the room, then no exhaust fan is going to pull the toxic air through your hood and outside, you need as much fresh air from the outside (not recirculated from the building) coming into the room or lab as the CFM the fan is to pull out, you can calculate the square footage of a window or other opening to ensure your hood will work properly...
As with most of what we do the more you research it the better it goes as you begin to understand the principles...