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Science is based on facts and not beliefs.

The interpretation can change as we gain better knowledge. The data can be refined and more precise over time.
Scientific theories are constantly tested and if a theory can't stand up to the testing it will be replaced by something that do work.

Are you complaining that I gave too much facts when you asked for links?

Göran
 
g_axelsson said:
Claudie said:
rickbb said:
Geo said:
If you follow some of ancient text, man has been this advanced before, maybe more times than one. Without naming any particular book, what comes to mind for me is one ancient text that says, (taken out of context) "should a man say, look at this thing, it is new. It has already been of old times and there is no remembrance of former things."
Geo, how can you even suggest that humans have been this advanced before. There are NO evidence that there have been any advanced civilizations on earth before.

Just curious Geo, to what text / texts are you referring to? Any references to gold by any chance ? Would love to know more about this.
Alex
 
The advances over the years through time is reliant on the laws of probability, if this had of happened then there would have been this instead of that. If another form of torque had been invented at the same time as the internal combustion engine, we wouldn't be using gasoline as fuel. There are people today using loose energy in the atmosphere (positively charge ions) to turn electric motors. Pulling electricity out of the air on a clear day. People are just now taking Tesla serious about transmitting and receiving power without wires. It's the direction that technology and innovation takes. Just like everything else, it moves in the path of least resistance. There was technology at the time to develop an electrical system to move a car but the internal combustion engine was easier. It could have just as easily went the other way. Energy can not be made from nothing just like energy can not be destroyed, it is dissipated. converting one energy to another is what we have been doing. Hydro-electric dams use stored energy and gravity to make electricity, solar panels convert sunlight to electricity. There are elements that make an electrical charge when they are excited like heating, being illuminated (radiated) or even bent. The possibilities are really endless about what could be done. At this point in time, inventions that would be competing with the fossil fuel industry and gasoline in particular would be bought by, ta da, the fossil fuel industry. They buy these great inventions and patents and toss them in a big box in a vault somewhere never to see the light of day again. It's not that the tech isn't available, it's just not available to us. Repression of ideas and ways of thinking has been the norm throughout history. looking at history, other forms of energy has been described and some have been replicated. There are historical accounts of energy sources that we can't conceive. If we could replicate these energy sources, would we be any better off.

If man was advanced and the knowledge was lost to history, it would be reasonable to assume that the energy source they used contributed to whatever calamity brought an end to their world. If it were nuclear, would we be able to detect it from 100,000 years ago? What about all the amazing things from the ancient world that, even today, can't be explained by modern technology. Modern objects found in solid rock or miles deep in virgin coal veins. http://www.6000years.org/frame.php?page=stuff_in_coal or https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CB4QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FOut-of-place_artifact&ei=F9MYVOr3BIPOggSbrYJA&usg=AFQjCNFG2Ss6vjpTtiLdL-P6uJyGDz0q0w&sig2=EdMut10m3YkTHWTYKashig&bvm=bv.75558745,d.eXY
 
If the scientific facts (repeatable and observable) were kept isolated from the scientific THEORIES it would simplify things.
 
g_axelsson said:
Science is based on facts and not beliefs.

The interpretation can change as we gain better knowledge. The data can be refined and more precise over time.
Scientific theories are constantly tested and if a theory can't stand up to the testing it will be replaced by something that do work.

Are you complaining that I gave too much facts when you asked for links?

Göran

Exactly what you said, " if a theory can't stand up to the testing it will be replaced by something that do work." If it was fact, it would not change over time, as science has a history of doing. I know you said "theory" but science teaches theories as fact.
The 4.5 billion year old Earth is a theory, as are many other "facts" science teaches.

If the scientific facts (repeatable and observable) were kept isolated from the scientific THEORIES it would simplify things.
Very well stated.

I assume you think I am complaining because I do not agree with you. I am not complaining about anything, I am just stating facts.
 
Geo said:
The advances over the years through time is reliant on the laws of probability, if this had of happened then there would have been this instead of that. If another form of torque had been invented at the same time as the internal combustion engine, we wouldn't be using gasoline as fuel. There are people today using loose energy in the atmosphere (positively charge ions) to turn electric motors. Pulling electricity out of the air on a clear day. People are just now taking Tesla serious about transmitting and receiving power without wires. It's the direction that technology and innovation takes. Just like everything else, it moves in the path of least resistance. There was technology at the time to develop an electrical system to move a car but the internal combustion engine was easier. It could have just as easily went the other way. Energy can not be made from nothing just like energy can not be destroyed, it is dissipated. converting one energy to another is what we have been doing. Hydro-electric dams use stored energy and gravity to make electricity, solar panels convert sunlight to electricity. There are elements that make an electrical charge when they are excited like heating, being illuminated (radiated) or even bent. The possibilities are really endless about what could be done. At this point in time, inventions that would be competing with the fossil fuel industry and gasoline in particular would be bought by, ta da, the fossil fuel industry. They buy these great inventions and patents and toss them in a big box in a vault somewhere never to see the light of day again. It's not that the tech isn't available, it's just not available to us. Repression of ideas and ways of thinking has been the norm throughout history. looking at history, other forms of energy has been described and some have been replicated. There are historical accounts of energy sources that we can't conceive. If we could replicate these energy sources, would we be any better off.

If man was advanced and the knowledge was lost to history, it would be reasonable to assume that the energy source they used contributed to whatever calamity brought an end to their world. If it were nuclear, would we be able to detect it from 100,000 years ago? What about all the amazing things from the ancient world that, even today, can't be explained by modern technology. Modern objects found in solid rock or miles deep in virgin coal veins. http://www.6000years.org/frame.php?page=stuff_in_coal or https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CB4QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FOut-of-place_artifact&ei=F9MYVOr3BIPOggSbrYJA&usg=AFQjCNFG2Ss6vjpTtiLdL-P6uJyGDz0q0w&sig2=EdMut10m3YkTHWTYKashig&bvm=bv.75558745,d.eXY


Geo.
While I don't subscribe to all their alien theories, I do like to watch the tv show Ancient Aliens. They show some of the more unexplainable places and objects around the world that I don't see mainstream science investigating, and they at least ask the question, how could this be? In line with what you said Geo, dinosaur bones have to be painted with a special paint before display because they're radioactive. Now that could possibly be explained I suppose by radioactive minerals being incorporated during the fossilization process, but certainly not at every location. Even more interesting are ancient sites thousands of years old like Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa where skeletons were found lying in the streets with up to 50 times background radiation and stone and ceramic objects in the area had been melted and vitrified! This could point to a natural runaway fission reaction within radioactive ore deposits, there is evidence that did happen at least once in Earth's past. However could it also be evidence of the use of radioactive power sources by man in our prehistoric past?
 
The ones I find most provocative are the Quimbaya artifacts. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quimbaya_artifacts Pre-Colombian artifacts. Little is known about how the makers of these artifacts received the inspiration to make such things. It has been suggested that they came from a cargo cult and was just making objects they had observed. The objects has been described as representing birds, insects or lizards. It's mind boggling that anyone can see these objects and not see clearly what they represent. I watched a special about them when I was a child and scaled models of them were not only aerodynamic, but were truly built to fly. Made almost a thousand years before powered flight, arguing what they are not is harder to explain than what they actually represent.

model planes.jpg

Is it hard to imagine that these artifacts came from the same continent as the Nazca lines in Peru that can only be seen in it's entirety from the air. http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=nazca+lines&FORM=HDRSC2
 
Claudie said:
You would have to be living in a complete vacuum to even remotely consider that the earth isn't billions of years old. You have allowed your faith to cloud your thinking.

If you are going to promote one belief, shouldn't other beliefs also be allowed as to not come across as close minded. When one is trying to find the best solution to any problem, it's best if they know what all of the alternatives are. By allowing one belief and no others, it isn't a discussion any longer, it's forcing one to accept something as fact when clearly many believe it is not.
Sorry, I do not agree. This has nothing to do with my "belief", but everything to do with evidence at hand, observations by learned men who have used scientific methods to draw conclusions. These conclusions have been reliably repeated time and again, proving their veracity. How that information is interpreted by others is the problem, not the information. In all too many cases (how this thread has taken a turn is a good example) those with a religious conviction refuse to accept that which has been learned, in many cases because it is in direct conflict with their religious convictions. If you don't find that strange, I'm a little surprised, as I do, and rightfully so.

Religion, by sharp contrast, is the faith to believe that which has been told by those who went before us, typically with little to nothing in the way of evidence to support a given position. Do NOT make mention of your Bible as proof, as it was written by man, and has been repeatedly copied. None of us have the slightest idea what the agenda may have been of those involved, although that they desired control over man was quite obvious. Much of it is based on fable, and has nothing to do with the truth. Want an example? Do you **really** think that an individual dwelled in the stomach of a whale? Do your **really** believe that there was an arc---filled with animals? It would have had to be a ponderous arc, don't you think? Even stranger, animals from all corners of the world just happened to get to the arc to board. How could that be?

One more--do you **really** believe the entire world was flooded? If so, from where did the water come, and where did it go? Can you not see that from the point of science, these things makes no sense?

I made mention that we tend to be men of science. That, of course, doesn't include everyone on the board, for I realize that there are those who will faithfully follow the teachings of their given religion, in spite of overwhelming (scientific) evidence to support that things are not as they believe. For that reason, it serves no purpose to introduce religion.

We have been discussing a topic which is science based. If you have hopes of seeing this discussion continue, I tell you once again---drop ANY mention of religion. The three examples I provided, above, should be evidence enough for any intelligent individual to understand that it serves no purpose aside from to divide the board. I am not willing to stand by and watch that happen.

I was born and raised in a community where the chosen religion was quite intolerant of those who did not subscribe to the same diatribe, and was abused from childhood on, finding peace only when I moved to another state, where that *religion* has little influence. As a result, I have no tolerance for religious people, nor the diatribe they wish to extend upon others. Keep it to yourself, where it belongs.

A closing thought, although primarily for those who reside in the US.
The constitution grants freedom of religion. It also grants freedom from religion. No one has the right to put upon others their chosen beliefs, in particular when they have not been invited.

Harold
 
I love this discussion. I have to re-read it.


Since sciences get more sophisticated and partly not understandable by common human, there is a tendency to generate a religious belief in the sciences or better: in the scientists, which is different from science.

Most scientific research is not independent. It is paid by groups that have a higher interest in getting results that gain their interests, than to find a scientific truth (though "truth" is not a good term, when we talk science). Even scientists are not always and in all situations able to see the difference. Mostly there is a harsh hierarchy, that makes it even harder to reveal faked researches. Those are only some reasons, why some scientists are faking tests, deleting unsatisfying results or modify variables in simulations until they get the result they wish.

Especially some revealed fakes from the mainstream opinion have made it hard to "believe" anything.

One thing for sure, we can't be sure, yet. The climate is changing, but it always did, so this is not a breaking news. Independent research is needed. Until then we should avoid any avoidable pollution, save resources, that's never a mistake, but without getting panicky, instead going on to raise any "truth", any technology, any subventions and any eco-taxes to question.

Life is life threatening, it has always been and each next day might be the last, the day of a large asteroid impact, a deadly pandemic outbreak or an outburst of a super volcano, or - most probably NOT.
 
Claudie said:
rickbb said:
Carbon 14 dating is only one of many ways to date things and the eruption of Mt. St. Helens has had zero effect on a properly done carbon 14 dating. Volcanoes erupt all the time all over the world and do not affect the science of determining how old something is. Carbon 14 dating has an accuracy of plus or minus 80 years on average, with a good sample and done properly.

Other radio isotopes are now being used to date older samples than carbon 14, potassium-argon for dating rocks over 100,000 years old and uranium-lead which can date rocks over 1.5 milling years as the half life of uranium turning to lead is in the billons of years. There is also thermo luminescence and obsidian hydration and uranium trail dating.

There is NOT a plenty of evidence that contradicts how old science thinks the earth is, (it's 4 billion, not millions). In fact the more evidence that is published only confirms that this is an accurate estimation.

There is NOT any credible tests, (let alone lots of), that show the earth to only 25,000 years old. Again the more research that is published the more that this estimate is proven to look more reliable.

DNA research HAS indeed shown us to have a common ancestor, but there is absolutely no way whatsoever to know who they were, let alone prove it was Noah. Mitochondrial DNA research has shown our common ancestor lived in what is now south central Africa about 2 and 1/2 to 3 million years ago.


I think to be fair, if you are going to make such statements as fact, you should provide at least some evidence. Maybe you could post some links to where you got this information.


The information is out there if one keeps to known "science" sites that publish work that meets the rigors of repeatable and measurable methods and off of the decoy "pseudo-science" sites that only quote works that can't be tracked down or repeated. It's those decoy sites that most people are using to make such statements like "lots of tests prove". But no one can find or duplicate these "tests".


Cambridge University

http://www.thenakedscientists.com/HTML/questions/question/2003/

WikiPedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_the_Earth

"Modern radiometric dating

Radiometric dating continues to be the predominant way scientists date geologic timescales. Techniques for radioactive dating have been tested and fine-tuned for the past 50+ years. Forty or so different dating techniques have been utilized to date, working on a wide variety of materials. Dates for the same sample using these different techniques are in very close agreement on the age of the material.

Possible contamination problems do exist, but they have been studied and dealt with by careful investigation, leading to sample preparation procedures being minimized to limit the chance of contamination."

More WikiPedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genealogical_DNA_test

"Map of human migration out of Africa, according to Mitochondrial DNA. The numbers represent thousands of years before present time."
 
Claudie said:
g_axelsson said:
Science is based on facts and not beliefs.

The interpretation can change as we gain better knowledge. The data can be refined and more precise over time.
Scientific theories are constantly tested and if a theory can't stand up to the testing it will be replaced by something that do work.

Are you complaining that I gave too much facts when you asked for links?

Göran

Exactly what you said, " if a theory can't stand up to the testing it will be replaced by something that do work." If it was fact, it would not change over time, as science has a history of doing. I know you said "theory" but science teaches theories as fact.
The 4.5 billion year old Earth is a theory, as are many other "facts" science teaches.

If the scientific facts (repeatable and observable) were kept isolated from the scientific THEORIES it would simplify things.
Very well stated.

I assume you think I am complaining because I do not agree with you. I am not complaining about anything, I am just stating facts.

Fact : The age of meteorites are 4.56 billion years (+/- a few millions)
Fact : The oldest rock found on earth is 4.28 billion years ( +/- ??? million years )
Fact : The earth was created from meteorite material so it has to be younger than the meteorites.
Theory : The earth is between 4.56 and 4.28 billion years
Theory : The moon was created in a collision between the earth and a mars-sized object.
Fact : The oldest moon rocks are FAN at 4.36 billion years (ref.)
New theory based on the age of the moon : The earth is between 4.56 and 4.36 billion years.

This is how science works. Better tools and better understanding gives better results. If the results are colliding with other results then we go back and see what is wrong. Fix the error and any implications there is. Science isn't fixed in stone, it is a constant flux of new data and finer measurements to understand the working of the universe and the nature around us.

If two different theories are competing then science usually groups together behind the one that agrees with fact the best and tries to find out what is missing. Sometimes there are paradigm shifts like Newtonian -> Einsteinian physics, but both were right, there isn't a big clash between the two theories and both are presented in schools.
We know that there are things we don't know as there is no connection between quantum physics and relativistic physics. Gravity is still an enigma, we know how it generally works on planets, galaxies, affecting time and so on, but not on the microscopic scale. That is what makes it so fascinating and interesting!

Today we know so much about so many subjects that only the experts are able to penetrate all accumulated knowledge and get to the edge of knowledge and make new discoveries. In school we need to cover a lot of different subjects so we don't have time to go into nuances in everything. I understand that some teachers could pass on some well funded theories as absolute facts, but even if it isn't absolute it is often the most probably theory.
Sometimes a complex theory is attacked and some contradictions can be presented and taken as proof of the falsehood of the theory in whole. That is just wrong and often the contradictions is resolved when more facts and finer detailed theories are developed. That's the scientific process.

Okay, I have presented the facts and theories of why the earth is around 4.5 billion years old. What other theory is there today? Please, separate facts and theories.

Göran
 
I love this thread...

So many interconnected subjects here... Well, easy to get lost in all directions... Remember it was first about Fukushima...
But still quite interesting...

Science, religion, history, energy, environment and gold... It's crazy to see how all these subjects are closely connected to each another.
 
Not to deny any of the numbers presented, but as far as I am concerned, all the above mentioned facts are theories too. Not theories as in "Hey, I've got an untested idea..." but commonly held and generally considered to be true. Including by me. But we don't know it as fact as we weren't here to "measure and observe" which, really, is the basis of science. It only takes finding one 4.8 billion year old rock to wreck it all, then we get a new commonly held theory. That probably won't happen.

A scientific fact is that my twin nieces are two years, three weeks and two days old. I can stake reputation or gold on it because I am able to count earth rotations since their arrival. And the cake was fantastic. The age of the earth, moon, meteoroids, et al are assumed - based in extrapolation of what we can measure and observe now. And we have to assume it's linear because we have no solid reference very far back at all in time. (We're counting back 4.5 billion based on what we can see since about 1950.) Radio dating, which was once complete rubbish (I remember a report about a ~80,000 year old bone that turned out to be from a dog that died in 1963), has come a long way. Internet dating has made good progress too.

We're really only getting better at taking guesses. At least, we like to think we are.
 
Yea, I can see that age of the globe would be a concern for argument sake, but really, is it important enough to cause a rift here? We have all stated what we think, which makes it a discussion. When we try to convince others that our way is the right way, then it's arguing. I think it takes a mighty big pig to weigh a ton but I'm not willing to argue about it. I would like to continue the discussion but I feel it's getting out of hand.

As an aside, the "frozen earth" containment that I mentioned at the beginning of this thread is moving ahead but at a slower pace than they hoped. They are saying that it should be up and running by the end of the year. http://fukushimaupdate.com/japan-in-depth-tepco-measures-fail-to-hold-water/ What can they do that they haven't already done?
 
jason_recliner said:
Not to deny any of the numbers presented, but as far as I am concerned, all the above mentioned facts are theories too. Not theories as in "Hey, I've got an untested idea..." but commonly held and generally considered to be true..............

A scientific fact is that my twin nieces are two years, three weeks and two days old.

:lol: well, now, you're far off. Then you have to question, if we can know ANYTHING. Are you real or are you part of a simulation, that believes it is real,because that is the way it has been programmed?

So, how sure can you be, you have two nieces? How sure can you be, world wasn't created yesterday, inclusively all people's memories?

But everything is good. You have two nieces and the earth is more than 4 billion (4 Milliarden) years old. Why? Because there is no pharma or energy industry, that would fake research and suppress disliked data. Undependent research.

And, Göran, if there was a pharma or energy industry behind it, they COULD generate and promote data, that make people believe something else and sell it as fact. There are lots of examples. In a perfect world, natural scientists would have studied soft sciences like philosophy or psychology as their third or fourth subject in order to better understand the weak points of hard sciences' epistemology.
 
solar_plasma said:
jason_recliner said:
Not to deny any of the numbers presented, but as far as I am concerned, all the above mentioned facts are theories too. Not theories as in "Hey, I've got an untested idea..." but commonly held and generally considered to be true..............

A scientific fact is that my twin nieces are two years, three weeks and two days old.

:lol: well, now, you're far off. Then you have to question, if we can know ANYTHING. Are you real or are you part of a simulation, that believes it is real,because that is the way it has been programmed?

So, how sure can you be, you have two nieces? How sure can you be, world wasn't created yesterday, inclusively all people's memories?

But everything is good. You have two nieces and the earth is more than 4 billion (4 Milliarden) years old. Why? Because there is no pharma or energy industry, that would fake research and suppress disliked data. Undependent research.

And, Göran, if there was a pharma or energy industry behind it, they COULD generate and promote data, that make people believe something else and sell it as fact. There are lots of examples. In a perfect world, natural scientists would have studied soft sciences like philosophy or psychology as their third or fourth subject in order to better understand the weak points of hard sciences' epistemology.
Two nieces... from my point of view it is more unsure than the age of meteorites. There are no peer review of your statement, no independent research and it's based on hearsay. How can we be sure that your memory is correct? That you isn't an internet troll? It is harder to do any independent measurement of your nieces age than of a meteorite.
I don't think you are a troll or that you have any reason to lie but the only fact here is that you is telling us your nieces age. The theory is that it is correct. 8)

This is starting to go into too much philosophy for my taste... there is no spoon... there are no facts... :mrgreen:

Solar, whenever there are monetary issues there will be scientists that are producing substandard research and companies that will finance their research. I have personally seen a number of reports totally shredded to the bones by an independent researcher. It was a number of reports that insurance companies had done to prove no connection between whiplash and certain car accidents. That is why independent research is important and any results published should include enough details so the research can be duplicated and verified.
Sooner or later bad science is revealed or just ignored.
I've also seen scientists devastated when they found that a bug in a program that extracted data from a satellite was the source of their latest discovery and they had spent half a year working with that data. They had the article approved and peer reviewed already but they managed to stop the printing in time.

Göran
 
g_axelsson said:
This is starting to go into too much philosophy for my taste... there is no spoon... there are no facts... :mrgreen:

Göran

:lol: I wouldn't have expected anything less than that from a natural scientist. :mrgreen:

Well, there are a lot of facts, though based on scientific methods different from the "hard" sciences, which are locked to only what you can examine empirically. While the soft sciences make it possible to examine phenomena, which are not accessible by empiricism. Both of those disciplines are not perfect and at least not as satisfying and sedative as the truth of a religion, but in both circumstances, empirically accessible or not, we haven't any better and more accurate tool.
 
Oh, just think of the old Greeks, who already discussed the atom only by philosophically methods more than 2000 years before they got discovered. Great thinkers, but poor experimenters.
 

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